The genomic revolution is an increasingly challenging, long-standing human evolution orthodoxy. An international team of geneticists headed by Matthias Meyer (pictured right below) of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany reported earlier this month in the journal Nature.
The team studied the mtDNA from 28 fossilized hominins estimated to be 400,000 years of age from the Sima de Los Huesos cave in the Alapuera Mountain (pictured left) range of northern Spain.
For more than two decades, international teams of paleoanthropologists have been discovering human-like fossils from a medieval archaeological site in the former Soviet Republic of Georgia known as Dmanisi.
A new human Georgian skull fuels the dilemma further. David Lordkipanidze of the Georgian National Museum in Tbilisi discovered the first four human-like fossils in 1991.
Increased archaeological interest in this Georgian site began in 1936 following the discovery of ancient and medieval artifacts.
“Human evolution is the lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors,” explains the Smithsonian Institute exhibit (pictured left) entitled “Introduction to Human Evolution.” Continuing their explanation –
“Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioral traits shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately six million years.”
Exploring human evolution via DNA was essential for twentieth-century evolution scientists. Charles Darwin, however, in The Origin of Species, never used the terms genetics, genetic, and genes until 1872, following the publication of the pea plantinheritance report of Gregor Mendel in 1866.
In his sixth edition, Darwin used the term “genetic” twice, but only to express a genealogical idea, not as a molecular term. In the words of American evolutionary biologist Richard Lewontin,
The biography of Charles Darwin (1809-1882) gives insight into the influences that paved the way for his career path. Darwin is widely known as an English naturalist who transfigured evolutionary biology.
Of the revolutionary thinkers who have shaped the past century, the biography of Darwin stands as one of the most provocative and influential—USA Today rated Darwin as one of the twentieth century’s top ten most influential persons.
Darwin, Then and Now, the Most Amazing Story in the History of Science, is a chronicle of who Darwin was, how he developed his theory, specifically what he said, and what scientists have discovered since the publication of The Origin of Species in 1859.
The book traces the rise and fall of evolution's popularity as a scientifically valid theory. With over 1,000 references from Darwin and scientists, Darwin Then and Now retraces developments in the most amazing story in the history of science. DarwinThenandNow.com focuses on understanding the intersection of biological evolution and science.