The phrase “Darwin’s dilemma” refers to Charles Darwin’s bafflement over the physical evidence that contradicts what his theory of evolution predicted.
Fossil Record
Darwin’s fossil record dilemma began with his argument that evolution progresses from the simple to complex, predicting that simple forms should be lower in the fossil record layers with increasing incremental complexity in the higher levels as evolution advanced –
“It is indisputable that before the lowest Cambrian stratum was deposited… the world swarmed with living creatures.”
Darwin, however, knew that the fossil record evidence did not demonstrate this pattern; the lowest layers included distinct species creating “Darwin’s dilemma.” Darwin explained –
“Species belonging to several of the main divisions of the animal kingdom suddenly appear in the lowest known fossiliferous rocks.”
Distinct species appear suddenly in the fossil record from the beginning without any trace of gradual, incremental transitional steps as inconsistently predicted by Darwin. This problem, Darwin acknowledge, should invalidate his theory –
“To the question why we do not find rich fossiliferous deposits belonging to these assumed earliest periods prior to the Cambrian system, I can give no satisfactory answer… The case at present must remain inexplicable, and may be truly urged as a valid argument against the views here entertained.”
A geological column from simple to complex exists only in biology textbooks. Evidence from the fossil record only points to the sudden appearance of complex distinct species. “Earlier forms” do not exist.
Beyond the Fossil Record
The simple to complex problem has extended from the fossil record and into every scientific discipline, Since the publication of The Origin of Species, including anatomy, morphology, physiology, molecular biology, and genetics.
While new biotechnologies allow exploration of nature’s minutiae secrets, finding evidence of life progressing incrementally from simple to complex remains beyond the reach of science: evolution, a theory still looking for validating scientific evidence.
Study Darwin’s t views on the fossil record page.
Darwin Then and Now is an educational resource on the intersection of evolution and science and the challenges facing the theory of evolution.
Explore how to understand twenty-first century concepts of evolution further using the following links –
- Understanding Evolution is a journey that showcases how different investigative approaches play a pivotal role in enriching our understanding of the process, leading to diverse conclusions.
- Studying Evolution defines the terms “species” and “natural selection” and how they have changed since The Origin of Species was published in 1859.
- What is Science investigates Charles Darwin’s approach to science and how the principles of modern science are used for different investigative purposes.
- The Evolution and Science category features articles studying how the intersection of evolution and science influences the current understanding of evolution.
- The Theory and Consensus category features articles examining how scientific findings are influencing the scientific consensus on the essential tenets of evolution, including Natural Selection.
- Glossary defines terms associated with explaining the theory of biological evolution.
